python3-nist
2013-06-03 00:02 UTC
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Modules for accessing and working with data from the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). |
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2013 |
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About
The NIST package provides modules for retrieving and caching scientific data from the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST).
Modules
NIST.Isotopes
This module retrieves isotope data from http://www.nist.gov/pml/data/comp.cfm and provides several functions for extracting. The Isotopes object is a wrapper around the underlying caching database and should be used when full access to all of the isotope data is necessary. The Query object is a simplified wrapper around Isotopes for more basic usage.
The module's main routine provides a fully functional command-line interface for retrieving data. It also provides support for determining the molecular weights of chemicals based on formula or InChi. This function is wrapped by nist-isotopes. See the help message below.
Examples
from NIST.Isotopes import Query from SciNum import DecimalWithUnits as DwU q = Query() n = DwU('8', 'mol') for formula in ('CH4', 'O2', 'CO2', 'InChI=1S/C4H5As/c1-2-4-5-3-1/h1-5H'): mol_mass = q.molecular_weight(formula) print(formula, ':', mol_mass, '*', n, '=', mol_mass * n)
CH4 : 16.04246 {±0.00108} g mol^{-1} * 8 mol = 128.33968 {±0.00864} g
O2 : 31.9988 {±0.0006} g mol^{-1} * 8 mol = 255.9904 {±0.0048} g
CO2 : 44.0095 {±0.0014} g mol^{-1} * 8 mol = 352.0760 {±0.0112} g
InChI=1S/C4H5As/c1-2-4-5-3-1/h1-5H : 128.00410 {±0.00357} g mol^{-1} * 8 mol = 1024.03280 {±0.02856} gNIST.PhysicalConstants
This module provides an interface for retrieving physical constants from http://physics.nist.gov/cuu/Constants/ via the PhysicalConstants object.
The module's main function provides a complete command-line interface for querying physical constants. See the output below.
Examples
Source Code
#!/usr/bin/env python3 """ A very simple example of using SciNum and NIST.PhysicalConstants to calculate the pressure of an ideal gas. The following are demonstrated: * retrieval of physical constants * declaration of physical quantities * basic arithmetic * reduction to SI base units * expression in desired units by substitution """ from SciNum import DecimalWithUnits as DwU, MeasuredDecimalWithUnits as MDwU from SciNum.units import Units, Definition, SI_DERIVED_UNIT_DEFINITIONS from SciNum.units import reduce_to_base_units, express from NIST.PhysicalConstants import PhysicalConstants pc = PhysicalConstants() # This is just to show unit multiplication. k_b = pc['Boltzmann constant'] N_A = pc['Avogadro constant'] R = k_b * N_A # This would work as well # R = pc['molar gas constant'] # Measured decimals are used here to keep track of significant figures. Each # number has 3 and so 3 sigfigs will be included in the output. Digits beyond # those are just placeholders. n = MDwU('5.00', 'mol') T = MDwU('300', 'K') V = MDwU('2.00', 'm^3') # Calculate the pressure p from the ideal gas law. p = (n * R * T) / V # Display some output. print("Given:") print('k_b =', k_b) print('N_A =', N_A) # Display fewer digits for R. print('R =', format(R, '.5f')) print('n =', n) print('T =', T) print('V =', V) print() print("Rearranging the ideal gas law (pV = nRT) to solve for p") print("p = (nRT)/V") print("p = (%s * %s * %s)/(%s)" % (n, format(R, '.5f'), T, V)) print("p = (%s)/(%s)" % (n * R * T, V)) # Express p in default units (whatever the constants and the above values happen # to be expressed in). print('p =', format(p, 'f'), "(%d significant figure(s))" % p.precision) # Express p in SI base units. p_SI = p.reduce_to_base_units() print(' =', format(p_SI, 'f')) # Express p in Pa # The Definition for Pa could have been created directly instead of manipulating # SI_DERIVED_UNIT_DEFINITIONS. Pa_base, Pa_factor = reduce_to_base_units(SI_DERIVED_UNIT_DEFINITIONS['Pa']) Pa_def = Definition('Pa', Pa_base, Pa_factor) m_def = express(Pa_def, 'm') p_Pa = p_SI.substitute_units((m_def,)) print(' =', format(p_Pa, 'f'))
Output
Given:
k_b = 1.3806488e-23 {±0.0000013e-23} J K^{-1}
N_A = 6.02214129e+23 {±0.00000027e+23} mol^{-1}
R = 8.31446 {±0.00001} J K^{-1} mol^{-1}
n = 5.00 mol
T = 300 K
V = 2.00 m^{3}
Rearranging the ideal gas law (pV = nRT) to solve for p
p = (nRT)/V
p = (5.00 mol * 8.31446 {±0.00001} J K^{-1} mol^{-1} * 300 K)/(2.00 m^{3})
p = (1.25E+4 J)/(2.00 m^{3})
p = 6240 J m^{-3} (3 significant figure(s))
= 6240 kg m^{-1} s^{-2}
= 6240 PaNIST.DB
This module provides the database caching functionality for the other modules.
Scripts
Wrapper scripts are provide for querying data from the command line:
- nist-isotopes: query isotope data or get molecular weights for formulae
- nist-phys_const: query physical constants
Note that the scripts provide an option to draw tables using box-drawing characters. This is not shown below because Firefox is unable to draw such characters correctly (it breaks the table). Try the example commands yourself with the --box option.
nist-phys_const: Help Message
$ nist-phys_const -h
usage: nist-phys_const [-h] [--union] [--box] [--max-width n]
[--database <path>] [--refresh]
[<search term> [<search term> ...]]
Query NIST physical constants. Source: http://physics.nist.gov/cuu/Constants/
positional arguments:
<search term>
optional arguments:
-h, --help show this help message and exit
--union display the union of matching results instead of the
intersection
display options:
--box render table with box-drawing characters
--max-width n maximum width of formula field when displaying weights
database options:
--database <path> set the database path
--refresh refresh the data in the database (almost always
unnecessary)
Search terms may use "%" as wildcards, e.g. "%foo%" will match anything
containing "foo". If no search terms are given then all constants will be
returned.nist-phys_const: NIST Physical Constants
$ nist-phys_const
Quantity Value Uncertainty Unit
--------------------------------------------------------- -------------------- ----------- --------------
{220} lattice spacing of silicon 1.920155714e-10 3.2e-18 m
alpha particle-electron mass ratio 7.2942995361e+3 2.9e-6
alpha particle mass 6.64465675e-27 2.9e-34 kg
alpha particle mass energy equivalent 5.97191967e-10 2.6e-17 J
alpha particle mass energy equivalent in MeV 3.727379240e+3 8.2e-5 MeV
alpha particle mass in u 4.001506179125e+0 6.2e-11 u
alpha particle molar mass 4.001506179125e-3 6.2e-14 kg mol^-1
alpha particle-proton mass ratio 3.97259968933e+0 3.6e-10
Angstrom star 1.00001495e-10 9.0e-17 m
atomic mass constant 1.660538921e-27 7.3e-35 kg
atomic mass constant energy equivalent 1.492417954e-10 6.6e-18 J
atomic mass constant energy equivalent in MeV 9.31494061e+2 2.1e-5 MeV
atomic mass unit-electron volt relationship 9.31494061e+8 2.1e+1 eV
atomic mass unit-hartree relationship 3.4231776845e+7 2.4e-2 E_h
atomic mass unit-hertz relationship 2.2523427168e+23 1.6e+14 Hz
atomic mass unit-inverse meter relationship 7.5130066042e+14 5.3e+5 m^-1
atomic mass unit-joule relationship 1.492417954e-10 6.6e-18 J
atomic mass unit-kelvin relationship 1.08095408e+13 9.8e+6 K
atomic mass unit-kilogram relationship 1.660538921e-27 7.3e-35 kg
atomic unit of 1st hyperpolarizability 3.206361449e-53 7.1e-61 C^3 m^3 J^-2
atomic unit of 2nd hyperpolarizability 6.23538054e-65 2.8e-72 C^4 m^4 J^-3
atomic unit of action 1.054571726e-34 4.7e-42 J s
atomic unit of charge 1.602176565e-19 3.5e-27 C
atomic unit of charge density 1.081202338e+12 2.4e+4 C m^-3
atomic unit of current 6.62361795e-3 1.5e-10 A
atomic unit of electric dipole moment 8.47835326e-30 1.9e-37 C m
atomic unit of electric field 5.14220652e+11 1.1e+4 V m^-1
atomic unit of electric field gradient 9.71736200e+21 2.1e+14 V m^-2
atomic unit of electric polarizability 1.6487772754e-41 1.6e-50 C^2 m^2 J^-1
atomic unit of electric potential 2.721138505e+1 6.0e-7 V
atomic unit of electric quadrupole moment 4.486551331e-40 9.9e-48 C m^2
atomic unit of energy 4.35974434e-18 1.9e-25 J
atomic unit of force 8.23872278e-8 3.6e-15 N
atomic unit of length 5.2917721092e-11 1.7e-20 m
atomic unit of magnetic dipole moment 1.854801936e-23 4.1e-31 J T^-1
atomic unit of magnetic flux density 2.350517464e+5 5.2e-3 T
atomic unit of magnetizability 7.891036607e-29 1.3e-37 J T^-2
atomic unit of mass 9.10938291e-31 4.0e-38 kg
atomic unit of momentum 1.992851740e-24 8.8e-32 kg m s^-1
atomic unit of permittivity 1.112650056...e-10 F m^-1
atomic unit of time 2.418884326502e-17 1.2e-28 s
atomic unit of velocity 2.18769126379e+6 7.1e-4 m s^-1
Avogadro constant 6.02214129e+23 2.7e+16 mol^-1
Bohr magneton 9.27400968e-24 2.0e-31 J T^-1
Bohr magneton in eV/T 5.7883818066e-5 3.8e-14 eV T^-1
Bohr magneton in Hz/T 1.399624555e+10 3.1e+2 Hz T^-1
Bohr magneton in inverse meters per tesla 4.66864498e+1 1.0e-6 m^-1 T^-1
Bohr magneton in K/T 6.7171388e-1 6.1e-7 K T^-1
Bohr radius 5.2917721092e-11 1.7e-20 m
Boltzmann constant 1.3806488e-23 1.3e-29 J K^-1
Boltzmann constant in eV/K 8.6173324e-5 7.8e-11 eV K^-1
Boltzmann constant in Hz/K 2.0836618e+10 1.9e+4 Hz K^-1
Boltzmann constant in inverse meters per kelvin 6.9503476e+1 6.3e-5 m^-1 K^-1
characteristic impedance of vacuum 3.76730313461...e+2 ohm
classical electron radius 2.8179403267e-15 2.7e-24 m
Compton wavelength 2.4263102389e-12 1.6e-21 m
Compton wavelength over 2 pi 3.8615926800e-13 2.5e-22 m
conductance quantum 7.7480917346e-5 2.5e-14 S
conventional value of Josephson constant 4.835979e+14 Hz V^-1
conventional value of von Klitzing constant 2.5812807e+4 ohm
Cu x unit 1.00207697e-13 2.8e-20 m
deuteron-electron magnetic moment ratio -4.664345537e-4 3.9e-12
deuteron-electron mass ratio 3.6704829652e+3 1.5e-6
deuteron g factor 8.574382308e-1 7.2e-9
deuteron magnetic moment 4.33073489e-27 1.0e-34 J T^-1
deuteron magnetic moment to Bohr magneton ratio 4.669754556e-4 3.9e-12
deuteron magnetic moment to nuclear magneton ratio 8.574382308e-1 7.2e-9
deuteron mass 3.34358348e-27 1.5e-34 kg
deuteron mass energy equivalent 3.00506297e-10 1.3e-17 J
deuteron mass energy equivalent in MeV 1.875612859e+3 4.1e-5 MeV
deuteron mass in u 2.013553212712e+0 7.7e-11 u
deuteron molar mass 2.013553212712e-3 7.7e-14 kg mol^-1
deuteron-neutron magnetic moment ratio -4.4820652e-1 1.1e-7
deuteron-proton magnetic moment ratio 3.070122070e-1 2.4e-9
deuteron-proton mass ratio 1.99900750097e+0 1.8e-10
deuteron rms charge radius 2.1424e-15 2.1e-18 m
electric constant 8.854187817...e-12 F m^-1
electron charge to mass quotient -1.758820088e+11 3.9e+3 C kg^-1
electron-deuteron magnetic moment ratio -2.143923498e+3 1.8e-5
electron-deuteron mass ratio 2.7244371095e-4 1.1e-13
electron g factor -2.00231930436153e+0 5.3e-13
electron gyromagnetic ratio 1.760859708e+11 3.9e+3 s^-1 T^-1
electron gyromagnetic ratio over 2 pi 2.802495266e+4 6.2e-4 MHz T^-1
electron-helion mass ratio 1.8195430761e-4 1.7e-13
electron magnetic moment -9.28476430e-24 2.1e-31 J T^-1
electron magnetic moment anomaly 1.15965218076e-3 2.7e-13
electron magnetic moment to Bohr magneton ratio -1.00115965218076e+0 2.7e-13
electron magnetic moment to nuclear magneton ratio -1.83828197090e+3 7.5e-7
electron mass 9.10938291e-31 4.0e-38 kg
electron mass energy equivalent 8.18710506e-14 3.6e-21 J
electron mass energy equivalent in MeV 5.10998928e-1 1.1e-8 MeV
electron mass in u 5.4857990946e-4 2.2e-13 u
electron molar mass 5.4857990946e-7 2.2e-16 kg mol^-1
electron-muon magnetic moment ratio 2.067669896e+2 5.2e-6
electron-muon mass ratio 4.83633166e-3 1.2e-10
electron-neutron magnetic moment ratio 9.6092050e+2 2.3e-4
electron-neutron mass ratio 5.4386734461e-4 3.2e-13
electron-proton magnetic moment ratio -6.582106848e+2 5.4e-6
electron-proton mass ratio 5.4461702178e-4 2.2e-13
electron-tau mass ratio 2.87592e-4 2.6e-8
electron to alpha particle mass ratio 1.37093355578e-4 5.5e-14
electron to shielded helion magnetic moment ratio 8.64058257e+2 1.0e-5
electron to shielded proton magnetic moment ratio -6.582275971e+2 7.2e-6
electron-triton mass ratio 1.8192000653e-4 1.7e-13
electron volt 1.602176565e-19 3.5e-27 J
electron volt-atomic mass unit relationship 1.073544150e-9 2.4e-17 u
electron volt-hartree relationship 3.674932379e-2 8.1e-10 E_h
electron volt-hertz relationship 2.417989348e+14 5.3e+6 Hz
electron volt-inverse meter relationship 8.06554429e+5 1.8e-2 m^-1
electron volt-joule relationship 1.602176565e-19 3.5e-27 J
electron volt-kelvin relationship 1.1604519e+4 1.1e-2 K
electron volt-kilogram relationship 1.782661845e-36 3.9e-44 kg
elementary charge 1.602176565e-19 3.5e-27 C
elementary charge over h 2.417989348e+14 5.3e+6 A J^-1
Faraday constant 9.64853365e+4 2.1e-3 C mol^-1
Faraday constant for conventional electric current 9.64853321e+4 4.3e-3 C_90 mol^-1
Fermi coupling constant 1.166364e-5 5.e-11 GeV^-2
fine-structure constant 7.2973525698e-3 2.4e-12
first radiation constant 3.74177153e-16 1.7e-23 W m^2
first radiation constant for spectral radiance 1.191042869e-16 5.3e-24 W m^2 sr^-1
hartree-atomic mass unit relationship 2.9212623246e-8 2.1e-17 u
hartree-electron volt relationship 2.721138505e+1 6.0e-7 eV
Hartree energy 4.35974434e-18 1.9e-25 J
Hartree energy in eV 2.721138505e+1 6.0e-7 eV
hartree-hertz relationship 6.579683920729e+15 3.3e+4 Hz
hartree-inverse meter relationship 2.194746313708e+7 1.1e-4 m^-1
hartree-joule relationship 4.35974434e-18 1.9e-25 J
hartree-kelvin relationship 3.1577504e+5 2.9e-1 K
hartree-kilogram relationship 4.85086979e-35 2.1e-42 kg
helion-electron mass ratio 5.4958852754e+3 5.0e-6
helion g factor -4.255250613e+0 5.0e-8
helion magnetic moment -1.074617486e-26 2.7e-34 J T^-1
helion magnetic moment to Bohr magneton ratio -1.158740958e-3 1.4e-11
helion magnetic moment to nuclear magneton ratio -2.127625306e+0 2.5e-8
helion mass 5.00641234e-27 2.2e-34 kg
helion mass energy equivalent 4.49953902e-10 2.0e-17 J
helion mass energy equivalent in MeV 2.808391482e+3 6.2e-5 MeV
helion mass in u 3.0149322468e+0 2.5e-9 u
helion molar mass 3.0149322468e-3 2.5e-12 kg mol^-1
helion-proton mass ratio 2.9931526707e+0 2.5e-9
hertz-atomic mass unit relationship 4.4398216689e-24 3.1e-33 u
hertz-electron volt relationship 4.135667516e-15 9.1e-23 eV
hertz-hartree relationship 1.5198298460045e-16 7.6e-28 E_h
hertz-inverse meter relationship 3.335640951...e-9 m^-1
hertz-joule relationship 6.62606957e-34 2.9e-41 J
hertz-kelvin relationship 4.7992434e-11 4.4e-17 K
hertz-kilogram relationship 7.37249668e-51 3.3e-58 kg
inverse fine-structure constant 1.37035999074e+2 4.4e-8
inverse meter-atomic mass unit relationship 1.33102505120e-15 9.4e-25 u
inverse meter-electron volt relationship 1.239841930e-6 2.7e-14 eV
inverse meter-hartree relationship 4.556335252755e-8 2.3e-19 E_h
inverse meter-hertz relationship 2.99792458e+8 Hz
inverse meter-joule relationship 1.986445684e-25 8.8e-33 J
inverse meter-kelvin relationship 1.4387770e-2 1.3e-8 K
inverse meter-kilogram relationship 2.210218902e-42 9.8e-50 kg
inverse of conductance quantum 1.29064037217e+4 4.2e-6 ohm
Josephson constant 4.83597870e+14 1.1e+7 Hz V^-1
joule-atomic mass unit relationship 6.70053585e+9 3.0e+2 u
joule-electron volt relationship 6.24150934e+18 1.4e+11 eV
joule-hartree relationship 2.29371248e+17 1.0e+10 E_h
joule-hertz relationship 1.509190311e+33 6.7e+25 Hz
joule-inverse meter relationship 5.03411701e+24 2.2e+17 m^-1
joule-kelvin relationship 7.2429716e+22 6.6e+16 K
joule-kilogram relationship 1.112650056...e-17 kg
kelvin-atomic mass unit relationship 9.2510868e-14 8.4e-20 u
kelvin-electron volt relationship 8.6173324e-5 7.8e-11 eV
kelvin-hartree relationship 3.1668114e-6 2.9e-12 E_h
kelvin-hertz relationship 2.0836618e+10 1.9e+4 Hz
kelvin-inverse meter relationship 6.9503476e+1 6.3e-5 m^-1
kelvin-joule relationship 1.3806488e-23 1.3e-29 J
kelvin-kilogram relationship 1.5361790e-40 1.4e-46 kg
kilogram-atomic mass unit relationship 6.02214129e+26 2.7e+19 u
kilogram-electron volt relationship 5.60958885e+35 1.2e+28 eV
kilogram-hartree relationship 2.061485968e+34 9.1e+26 E_h
kilogram-hertz relationship 1.356392608e+50 6.0e+42 Hz
kilogram-inverse meter relationship 4.52443873e+41 2.0e+34 m^-1
kilogram-joule relationship 8.987551787...e+16 J
kilogram-kelvin relationship 6.5096582e+39 5.9e+33 K
lattice parameter of silicon 5.431020504e-10 8.9e-18 m
Loschmidt constant (273.15 K, 100 kPa) 2.6516462e+25 2.4e+19 m^-3
Loschmidt constant (273.15 K, 101.325 kPa) 2.6867805e+25 2.4e+19 m^-3
magnetic constant 1.2566370614...e-6 N A^-2
magnetic flux quantum 2.067833758e-15 4.6e-23 Wb
molar gas constant 8.3144621e+0 7.5e-6 J mol^-1 K^-1
molar mass constant 1.e-3 kg mol^-1
molar mass of carbon-12 1.2e-2 kg mol^-1
molar Planck constant 3.9903127176e-10 2.8e-19 J s mol^-1
molar Planck constant times c 1.19626565779e-1 8.4e-11 J m mol^-1
molar volume of ideal gas (273.15 K, 100 kPa) 2.2710953e-2 2.1e-8 m^3 mol^-1
molar volume of ideal gas (273.15 K, 101.325 kPa) 2.2413968e-2 2.0e-8 m^3 mol^-1
molar volume of silicon 1.205883301e-5 8.0e-13 m^3 mol^-1
Mo x unit 1.00209952e-13 5.3e-20 m
muon Compton wavelength 1.173444103e-14 3.0e-22 m
muon Compton wavelength over 2 pi 1.867594294e-15 4.7e-23 m
muon-electron mass ratio 2.067682843e+2 5.2e-6
muon g factor -2.0023318418e+0 1.3e-9
muon magnetic moment -4.49044807e-26 1.5e-33 J T^-1
muon magnetic moment anomaly 1.16592091e-3 6.3e-10
muon magnetic moment to Bohr magneton ratio -4.84197044e-3 1.2e-10
muon magnetic moment to nuclear magneton ratio -8.89059697e+0 2.2e-7
muon mass 1.883531475e-28 9.6e-36 kg
muon mass energy equivalent 1.692833667e-11 8.6e-19 J
muon mass energy equivalent in MeV 1.056583715e+2 3.5e-6 MeV
muon mass in u 1.134289267e-1 2.9e-9 u
muon molar mass 1.134289267e-4 2.9e-12 kg mol^-1
muon-neutron mass ratio 1.124545177e-1 2.8e-9
muon-proton magnetic moment ratio -3.183345107e+0 8.4e-8
muon-proton mass ratio 1.126095272e-1 2.8e-9
muon-tau mass ratio 5.94649e-2 5.4e-6
natural unit of action 1.054571726e-34 4.7e-42 J s
natural unit of action in eV s 6.58211928e-16 1.5e-23 eV s
natural unit of energy 8.18710506e-14 3.6e-21 J
natural unit of energy in MeV 5.10998928e-1 1.1e-8 MeV
natural unit of length 3.8615926800e-13 2.5e-22 m
natural unit of mass 9.10938291e-31 4.0e-38 kg
natural unit of momentum 2.73092429e-22 1.2e-29 kg m s^-1
natural unit of momentum in MeV/c 5.10998928e-1 1.1e-8 MeV/c
natural unit of time 1.28808866833e-21 8.3e-31 s
natural unit of velocity 2.99792458e+8 m s^-1
neutron Compton wavelength 1.3195909068e-15 1.1e-24 m
neutron Compton wavelength over 2 pi 2.1001941568e-16 1.7e-25 m
neutron-electron magnetic moment ratio 1.04066882e-3 2.5e-10
neutron-electron mass ratio 1.8386836605e+3 1.1e-6
neutron g factor -3.82608545e+0 9.0e-7
neutron gyromagnetic ratio 1.83247179e+8 4.3e+1 s^-1 T^-1
neutron gyromagnetic ratio over 2 pi 2.91646943e+1 6.9e-6 MHz T^-1
neutron magnetic moment -9.6623647e-27 2.3e-33 J T^-1
neutron magnetic moment to Bohr magneton ratio -1.04187563e-3 2.5e-10
neutron magnetic moment to nuclear magneton ratio -1.91304272e+0 4.5e-7
neutron mass 1.674927351e-27 7.4e-35 kg
neutron mass energy equivalent 1.505349631e-10 6.6e-18 J
neutron mass energy equivalent in MeV 9.39565379e+2 2.1e-5 MeV
neutron mass in u 1.00866491600e+0 4.3e-10 u
neutron molar mass 1.00866491600e-3 4.3e-13 kg mol^-1
neutron-muon mass ratio 8.89248400e+0 2.2e-7
neutron-proton magnetic moment ratio -6.8497934e-1 1.6e-7
neutron-proton mass difference 2.30557392e-30 7.6e-37
neutron-proton mass difference energy equivalent 2.07214650e-13 6.8e-20
neutron-proton mass difference energy equivalent in MeV 1.29333217e+0 4.2e-7
neutron-proton mass difference in u 1.38844919e-3 4.5e-10
neutron-proton mass ratio 1.00137841917e+0 4.5e-10
neutron-tau mass ratio 5.28790e-1 4.8e-5
neutron to shielded proton magnetic moment ratio -6.8499694e-1 1.6e-7
Newtonian constant of gravitation 6.67384e-11 8.0e-15 m^3 kg^-1 s^-2
Newtonian constant of gravitation over h-bar c 6.70837e-39 8.0e-43 (GeV/c^2)^-2
nuclear magneton 5.05078353e-27 1.1e-34 J T^-1
nuclear magneton in eV/T 3.1524512605e-8 2.2e-17 eV T^-1
nuclear magneton in inverse meters per tesla 2.542623527e-2 5.6e-10 m^-1 T^-1
nuclear magneton in K/T 3.6582682e-4 3.3e-10 K T^-1
nuclear magneton in MHz/T 7.62259357e+0 1.7e-7 MHz T^-1
Planck constant 6.62606957e-34 2.9e-41 J s
Planck constant in eV s 4.135667516e-15 9.1e-23 eV s
Planck constant over 2 pi 1.054571726e-34 4.7e-42 J s
Planck constant over 2 pi in eV s 6.58211928e-16 1.5e-23 eV s
Planck constant over 2 pi times c in MeV fm 1.973269718e+2 4.4e-6 MeV fm
Planck length 1.616199e-35 9.7e-40 m
Planck mass 2.17651e-8 1.3e-12 kg
Planck mass energy equivalent in GeV 1.220932e+19 7.3e+14 GeV
Planck temperature 1.416833e+32 8.5e+27 K
Planck time 5.39106e-44 3.2e-48 s
proton charge to mass quotient 9.57883358e+7 2.1e+0 C kg^-1
proton Compton wavelength 1.32140985623e-15 9.4e-25 m
proton Compton wavelength over 2 pi 2.1030891047e-16 1.5e-25 m
proton-electron mass ratio 1.83615267245e+3 7.5e-7
proton g factor 5.585694713e+0 4.6e-8
proton gyromagnetic ratio 2.675222005e+8 6.3e+0 s^-1 T^-1
proton gyromagnetic ratio over 2 pi 4.25774806e+1 1.0e-6 MHz T^-1
proton magnetic moment 1.410606743e-26 3.3e-34 J T^-1
proton magnetic moment to Bohr magneton ratio 1.521032210e-3 1.2e-11
proton magnetic moment to nuclear magneton ratio 2.792847356e+0 2.3e-8
proton magnetic shielding correction 2.5694e-5 1.4e-8
proton mass 1.672621777e-27 7.4e-35 kg
proton mass energy equivalent 1.503277484e-10 6.6e-18 J
proton mass energy equivalent in MeV 9.38272046e+2 2.1e-5 MeV
proton mass in u 1.007276466812e+0 9.0e-11 u
proton molar mass 1.007276466812e-3 9.0e-14 kg mol^-1
proton-muon mass ratio 8.88024331e+0 2.2e-7
proton-neutron magnetic moment ratio -1.45989806e+0 3.4e-7
proton-neutron mass ratio 9.9862347826e-1 4.5e-10
proton rms charge radius 8.775e-16 5.1e-18 m
proton-tau mass ratio 5.28063e-1 4.8e-5
quantum of circulation 3.6369475520e-4 2.4e-13 m^2 s^-1
quantum of circulation times 2 7.2738951040e-4 4.7e-13 m^2 s^-1
Rydberg constant 1.0973731568539e+7 5.5e-5 m^-1
Rydberg constant times c in Hz 3.289841960364e+15 1.7e+4 Hz
Rydberg constant times hc in eV 1.360569253e+1 3.0e-7 eV
Rydberg constant times hc in J 2.179872171e-18 9.6e-26 J
Sackur-Tetrode constant (1 K, 100 kPa) -1.1517078e+0 2.3e-6
Sackur-Tetrode constant (1 K, 101.325 kPa) -1.1648708e+0 2.3e-6
second radiation constant 1.4387770e-2 1.3e-8 m K
shielded helion gyromagnetic ratio 2.037894659e+8 5.1e+0 s^-1 T^-1
shielded helion gyromagnetic ratio over 2 pi 3.243410084e+1 8.1e-7 MHz T^-1
shielded helion magnetic moment -1.074553044e-26 2.7e-34 J T^-1
shielded helion magnetic moment to Bohr magneton ratio -1.158671471e-3 1.4e-11
shielded helion magnetic moment to nuclear magneton ratio -2.127497718e+0 2.5e-8
shielded helion to proton magnetic moment ratio -7.61766558e-1 1.1e-8
shielded helion to shielded proton magnetic moment ratio -7.617861313e-1 3.3e-9
shielded proton gyromagnetic ratio 2.675153268e+8 6.6e+0 s^-1 T^-1
shielded proton gyromagnetic ratio over 2 pi 4.25763866e+1 1.0e-6 MHz T^-1
shielded proton magnetic moment 1.410570499e-26 3.5e-34 J T^-1
shielded proton magnetic moment to Bohr magneton ratio 1.520993128e-3 1.7e-11
shielded proton magnetic moment to nuclear magneton ratio 2.792775598e+0 3.0e-8
speed of light in vacuum 2.99792458e+8 m s^-1
standard acceleration of gravity 9.80665e+0 m s^-2
standard atmosphere 1.01325e+5 Pa
standard-state pressure 1.00000e+5 Pa
Stefan-Boltzmann constant 5.670373e-8 2.1e-13 W m^-2 K^-4
tau Compton wavelength 6.97787e-16 6.3e-20 m
tau Compton wavelength over 2 pi 1.11056e-16 1.0e-20 m
tau-electron mass ratio 3.47715e+3 3.1e-1
tau mass 3.16747e-27 2.9e-31 kg
tau mass energy equivalent 2.84678e-10 2.6e-14 J
tau mass energy equivalent in MeV 1.77682e+3 1.6e-1 MeV
tau mass in u 1.90749e+0 1.7e-4 u
tau molar mass 1.90749e-3 1.7e-7 kg mol^-1
tau-muon mass ratio 1.68167e+1 1.5e-3
tau-neutron mass ratio 1.89111e+0 1.7e-4
tau-proton mass ratio 1.89372e+0 1.7e-4
Thomson cross section 6.652458734e-29 1.3e-37 m^2
triton-electron mass ratio 5.4969215267e+3 5.0e-6
triton g factor 5.957924896e+0 7.6e-8
triton magnetic moment 1.504609447e-26 3.8e-34 J T^-1
triton magnetic moment to Bohr magneton ratio 1.622393657e-3 2.1e-11
triton magnetic moment to nuclear magneton ratio 2.978962448e+0 3.8e-8
triton mass 5.00735630e-27 2.2e-34 kg
triton mass energy equivalent 4.50038741e-10 2.0e-17 J
triton mass energy equivalent in MeV 2.808921005e+3 6.2e-5 MeV
triton mass in u 3.0155007134e+0 2.5e-9 u
triton molar mass 3.0155007134e-3 2.5e-12 kg mol^-1
triton-proton mass ratio 2.9937170308e+0 2.5e-9
unified atomic mass unit 1.660538921e-27 7.3e-35 kg
von Klitzing constant 2.58128074434e+4 8.4e-6 ohm
weak mixing angle 2.223e-1 2.1e-3
Wien frequency displacement law constant 5.8789254e+10 5.3e+4 Hz K^-1
Wien wavelength displacement law constant 2.8977721e-3 2.6e-9 m K nist-phys_const: Query Example
$ nist-phys_const %boltz%
Quantity Value Uncertainty Unit
----------------------------------------------- ------------- ----------- -----------
Boltzmann constant 1.3806488e-23 1.3e-29 J K^-1
Boltzmann constant in eV/K 8.6173324e-5 7.8e-11 eV K^-1
Boltzmann constant in Hz/K 2.0836618e+10 1.9e+4 Hz K^-1
Boltzmann constant in inverse meters per kelvin 6.9503476e+1 6.3e-5 m^-1 K^-1
Stefan-Boltzmann constant 5.670373e-8 2.1e-13 W m^-2 K^-4nist-isotopes: Help Message
$ nist-isotopes -h
usage: nist-isotopes [-h] [-z] [-s] [-m] [--union] [-w] [--box]
[--format <python format string>] [--max-width n]
[--database <path>] [--refresh]
[args [args ...]]
Display NIST atomic weight and isotope data. Source:
http://www.nist.gov/pml/data/comp.cfm
positional arguments:
args
optional arguments:
-h, --help show this help message and exit
-z, --number search by atomic number (the default)
-s, --symbol search by atomic symbol
-m, --mass search by mass number
--union display the union of matching results instead of the
intersection
-w, --weight calculate standard weights instead of searching for
isotope data
display options:
--box render table with box-drawing characters
--format <python format string>
a Python format string to use for numerical output
--max-width n maximum width of formula field when displaying weights
database options:
--database <path> set the database path)
--refresh refresh the data in the database (almost always
unnecessary)
Search terms may use "%" as wildcards, e.g. "%foo%" will match anything
containing "foo". When "-w" is used, arguments are interpretted as chemical
formulae or InChis and their atomic weight is calculated. If no arguments are
passed then a table of atomic weights will be displayed. For more information
such as an explanation of the notes, see http://www.nist.gov/pml/data/comp-
notes.cfmnist-isotopes: NIST Standard Weights
$ nist-isotopes -w
Z Symbol Standard Weight Uncertainty
--- ------ --------------- -----------
1 H 1.00794 ±0.00007
2 He 4.002602 ±0.000002
3 Li 6.941 ±0.002
4 Be 9.012182 ±0.000003
5 B 10.811 ±0.007
6 C 12.0107 ±0.0008
7 N 14.0067 ±0.0002
8 O 15.9994 ±0.0003
9 F 18.9984032 ±0.0000005
10 Ne 20.1797 ±0.0006
11 Na 22.98976928 ±0.00000002
12 Mg 24.3050 ±0.0006
13 Al 26.9815386 ±0.0000008
14 Si 28.0855 ±0.0003
15 P 30.973762 ±0.000002
16 S 32.065 ±0.005
17 Cl 35.453 ±0.002
18 Ar 39.948 ±0.001
19 K 39.0983 ±0.0001
20 Ca 40.078 ±0.004
21 Sc 44.955912 ±0.000006
22 Ti 47.867 ±0.001
23 V 50.9415 ±0.0001
24 Cr 51.9961 ±0.0006
25 Mn 54.938045 ±0.000005
26 Fe 55.845 ±0.002
27 Co 58.933195 ±0.000005
28 Ni 58.6934 ±0.0004
29 Cu 63.546 ±0.003
30 Zn 65.38 ±0.02
31 Ga 69.723 ±0.001
32 Ge 72.64 ±0.01
33 As 74.92160 ±0.00002
34 Se 78.96 ±0.03
35 Br 79.904 ±0.001
36 Kr 83.798 ±0.002
37 Rb 85.4678 ±0.0003
38 Sr 87.62 ±0.01
39 Y 88.90585 ±0.00002
40 Zr 91.224 ±0.002
41 Nb 92.90638 ±0.00002
42 Mo 95.96 ±0.02
43 Tc 98
44 Ru 101.07 ±0.02
45 Rh 102.90550 ±0.00002
46 Pd 106.42 ±0.01
47 Ag 107.8682 ±0.0002
48 Cd 112.411 ±0.008
49 In 114.818 ±0.003
50 Sn 118.710 ±0.007
51 Sb 121.760 ±0.001
52 Te 127.60 ±0.03
53 I 126.90447 ±0.00003
54 Xe 131.293 ±0.006
55 Cs 132.9054519 ±0.0000002
56 Ba 137.327 ±0.007
57 La 138.90547 ±0.00007
58 Ce 140.116 ±0.001
59 Pr 140.90765 ±0.00002
60 Nd 144.242 ±0.003
61 Pm 145
62 Sm 150.36 ±0.02
63 Eu 151.964 ±0.001
64 Gd 157.25 ±0.03
65 Tb 158.92535 ±0.00002
66 Dy 162.500 ±0.001
67 Ho 164.93032 ±0.00002
68 Er 167.259 ±0.003
69 Tm 168.93421 ±0.00002
70 Yb 173.054 ±0.005
71 Lu 174.9668 ±0.0001
72 Hf 178.49 ±0.02
73 Ta 180.94788 ±0.00002
74 W 183.84 ±0.01
75 Re 186.207 ±0.001
76 Os 190.23 ±0.03
77 Ir 192.217 ±0.003
78 Pt 195.084 ±0.009
79 Au 196.966569 ±0.000004
80 Hg 200.59 ±0.02
81 Tl 204.3833 ±0.0002
82 Pb 207.2 ±0.1
83 Bi 208.98040 ±0.00001
84 Po 209
85 At 210
86 Rn 222
87 Fr 223
88 Ra 226
89 Ac 227
90 Th 232.03806 ±0.00002
91 Pa 231.03588 ±0.00002
92 U 238.02891 ±0.00003
93 Np 237
94 Pu 244
95 Am 243
96 Cm 247
97 Bk 247
98 Cf 251
99 Es 252
100 Fm 257
101 Md 258
102 No 259
103 Lr 262
104 Rf 265
105 Db 268
106 Sg 271
107 Bh 272
108 Hs 270
109 Mt 276
110 Ds 281
111 Rg 280
112 Cn 285
113 Uut 284
114 Uuq 289
115 Uup 288
116 Uuh 293
117 Uus 292
118 Uuo 294 nist-isotopes: Molecular Weight Queries
$ nist-isotopes -w CH3COOH CH3COCH3
Formula Weight Uncertainty
-------- -------- -----------
CH3COOH 60.05196 ±0.00248
CH3COCH3 58.07914 ±0.00312 nist-isotopes: Symbol Queries
$ nist-isotopes -s Si
Atomic Number Atomic Symbol Mass Number Relative Atomic Mass Isotopic Composition Standard Atomic Weight Notes
------------- ------------- ----------- -------------------- -------------------- ---------------------- -----
14 Si 22 22.03453(22)# 28.0855(3) r
14 Si 23 23.02552(21)# 28.0855(3) r
14 Si 24 24.011546(21) 28.0855(3) r
14 Si 25 25.004106(11) 28.0855(3) r
14 Si 26 25.992330(3) 28.0855(3) r
14 Si 27 26.98670491(16) 28.0855(3) r
14 Si 28 27.9769265325(19) 0.92223(19) 28.0855(3) r
14 Si 29 28.976494700(22) 0.04685(8) 28.0855(3) r
14 Si 30 29.97377017(3) 0.03092(11) 28.0855(3) r
14 Si 31 30.97536323(4) 28.0855(3) r
14 Si 32 31.97414808(5) 28.0855(3) r
14 Si 33 32.978000(17) 28.0855(3) r
14 Si 34 33.978576(15) 28.0855(3) r
14 Si 35 34.984580(40) 28.0855(3) r
14 Si 36 35.98660(13) 28.0855(3) r
14 Si 37 36.99294(18) 28.0855(3) r
14 Si 38 37.99563(15) 28.0855(3) r
14 Si 39 39.00207(36) 28.0855(3) r
14 Si 40 40.00587(60) 28.0855(3) r
14 Si 41 41.01456(198) 28.0855(3) r
14 Si 42 42.01979(54)# 28.0855(3) r
14 Si 43 43.02866(75)# 28.0855(3) r
14 Si 44 44.03526(86)# 28.0855(3) r - Contact
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